Asslamo Allaikum Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barakatuh,
Please practise your detached pronouns using the hand drill seven (7) times.
| He | Huwa | هُو |
| Them (2 He) | Huma | هُمَا |
| They (3+ He) | Hum | هُم |
| She | Hiya | هِيَ |
| Them (2 She) | Huma | هُمَا |
| They (3+ She) | Hunna | هُنَّ |
| You (Male) | Anta | أنتَ |
| You (2, Male) | Antuma | أنتُمَا |
| You (3+ Male) | Antum | أنتُم |
| You (Female) | Anti | أنتِ |
| You (2, Female) | Antuma | أنتُمَا |
| You (3+, Female) | Antunna | أنتُنَّ |
| I | Anna | أنَا |
| We | Nahnu | نَحنُ |
Introduction to Past Tense Verb:
By the Taufeeq and Mercy of Allah (SWT) we now arrive at this point of learning to tackle the "Past Tense".
The structure of past tense in English is:
- I ATE
In English the "Subject (I)" comes first and then the "Verb (ATE)"
In Arabic it is reversed i.e:
- ATE "I"
i.e. the verb "ATE" comes first and then the subject.
The simple past tense in Arabic consists of three words and pattern is
عَبَدَ = عَ + بَ + دَ He Worshipped
The first and third letter of a simple past tense in Arabic in this basic form will ALWAYS HAVE a Fatha but the middle letter can have a "Fatha, Kasra or Damma".
The subject (Fa'il) will ALWAYS come right after the word and it is "ATTACHED" to the verb. You can also think of subject (Fa'il) as Do'er of the action so:
- Subject = Do'er = Fai'l
A verb is called "فِعْل=Fa'el" and the doer is called "فَاعِل=Fa'il"
There are two forms in the past tense which DO NOT have a "فَاعِل=Fa'il" attached to them, rather the do'er is assumed and they are:
- 3rd person Masculine Singular e.g. He Worshipped عَبَدَ
- 3rd person Feminine Singular e.g. She Worshipped عَبَدَتْ
Don't say that تْ is "فَاعِل=Fa'il" in "She worshipped" rather it is sign of femininity. Many students will make this mistake!
In both examples (1 & 2) "فَاعِل=Fa'il" is hidden! Please don't forget this and know that all other forms have the "فَاعِل=Fa'il" attached.
The best explaination is given by Shaykh (Maulana) Husain Sattar Naqshbandi-Mujaddidi (HA) in book which is part of our course, the chapter on past tense can be downloaded from here:
http://www.4shared.com/document/Ql7rYQaJ/3_Past_Tense.html
- Practise the hand drill
- Read the chapter above upto PRINCIPLE 3
- DO NOT READ PRINCIPLE 4, 5, 6 at this point.
- Practise the table on page 20 using the hand drill
Shaykh (Maulana) Husain Sattar Naqshbandi-Mujaddidi (HA)'s lesson and explaination in grammar is regarded as the TOP in the Western world so there is no way that we can top that! Please read the attached document to understand simple past tense.
Jazakullah Khairun
| SIMPLE PAST TENSE AND ITS BREAKDOWN | |||||
| Person | Gender | Meaning | Subect or Doer or فَاعِل | Base Form | Verb or Fa'el or فِعْل |
| 3rd Person | Masculine | He did | "Assumed to be he but not physcially written" | فَعَلَ | فَعَلَ |
| They (2) did | ا | فَعَلَ + | فَعَلاَ | ||
| Those (3+) did | وْا | فَعَلَ + | فَعَلُوْا | ||
| Feminine | She did | "Assumed to be she but not physcially written" | فَعَلَ | فَعَلَتْ | |
| They (2) did | تَا | فَعَلَ + | فَعَلَتَا | ||
| Those (3+) did | نَ | فَعَلَ + | فَعَلْنَ | ||
| 2nd Person | Masculine | You did | تَ | فَعَلْ + | فَعَلْتَ |
| You (2) did | تُمَا | فَعَلْ + | فَعَلْتُمَا | ||
| You (3+) did | تُمْ | فَعَلْ + | فَعَلْتُمْ | ||
| Feminine | You did | تِ | فَعَلْ + | فَعَلْتِ | |
| You (2) did | تُمَا | فَعَلْ + | فَعَلْتُمَا | ||
| You (3+) did | تُنَّ | فَعَلْ + | فَعَلْتُنَّ | ||
| 1st Person | Masculine/Feminine | I did | تُ | فَعَلْ + | فَعَلْتُ |
| Masculine/Feminine | We did | نَا | فَعَلْ + | فَعَلْنَا | |
