Madina Series Book 1: Lesson 3 (Part 2)

Repeat the detached pronouns which you have learned seven (7) times using the hand technique:

Lesson :

This lesson continues with simple nominal sentences consisting of two words, summarised as follows:

Introduction to Nominal Sentences:

A simple nominal sentence in Arabic contains two words and they are both nouns i.e. the first word is a Noun and the second word is a Noun. More complex structures will be taught and explained in a Lesson or two.

1. First word is مُبْتَدَأ (Mubtada) or subject or you can also call it the topic of the sentence.  It is always Marfoo and always definite.
2. Second word is خَبَر (Khabar) or predicate or you can also call it the topic of the comment.  It is always Marfoo and usually indefinite.

So lets recap the three areas where the two words will match in a simple nominal sentence:

1. مُبْتَدَأ (Mubtada) & خَبَر(Khabar) will both match in case ending i.e. they will be Marfoo
2. مُبْتَدَأ (Mubtada) & خَبَر (Khabar) will both match in gender i.e. if the first word is masculine, the second one will also be masculine and vice versa
3. مُبْتَدَأ (Mubtada) & خَبَر (Khabar) will both match in Plurality i.e. if the first word is singular, the second one will also be singular and if the first word is feminine then second word will also be feminine

So lets recap the ONLY AREA where the two words will NOT match in a simple nominal sentence:

• مُبْتَدَأ (Mubtada) is always definite & خَبَر (Khabar) will usually be indefinite.

الْقَلَمُ مَكْسُورٌ

Analysis is as follows:

1. First word (Al-Qalamu) is Mubtada because it is Marfoo and definite
2. Second word (Maksurun) is Khabar because it is Marfoo and indefinite
3. Translation is "The Pen is a broken."

الْبَابُ مَفْتُوحٌ

الْوَلَدُ جَالِسٌ وَالْمُدَرَّسُ وَاقِفٌ

Analysis is as follows:

1. First word (Al-Waladu) is Mubtada because it is Marfoo and definite
2. Second word (Jaalisun) is Khabar because it is Marfoo and indefinite
3. Translation is "The Boy is Sitting."
4. Wa just means "AND"
5. First word (Al-Madarisu) is Mubtada because it is Marfoo and definite
6. Second word (Waaqifun) is Khabar because it is Marfoo and indefinite
7. Translation is "The teacher is Standing."
8. Together it means, "The Boy is Sitting AND the teacher is Standing".

الْكِتَابُ جَدِيدٌ وَالْقَلَمُ قَدِيمٌ
اَلْحِمَارُ صَغِيرٌ وَالْحِصَانُ كَبِيرٌ
الْكُرْسِيٌّ مَكْسُورٌ
الْمِنْدِيلُ وَسِخٌ
الْمَاءُ بَارِدٌ
الْقَمَرُ جَمِيلٌ
الْبَيْتُ قَرِيبٌ وَالْمَسْجِدُ بَعِيدٌ
الْحَجَرُ ثَقِيلٌ وَالْوَرَقُ خَفِيفٌ
اللَّبَنُ حَارٌّ
الْقَمِيصُ نَظِيفٌ

Exercises:

• Analyse all sentences as shown in example by us above
• Exercise 1 in the book is just read and write BUT REMEMBER to read with the vowel on the last letter e.g. Masjidun and not Masjid!
• Exercise 2 is also read and write
• Execise 3 & 4 are fill in the blanks.

It may be a typo.

Al Waladu Jaalesun = The boy is sitting,

Wal Mudarasu WaQefun = And the teacher is standing.

W-Salam,

: - ) Yep, it was a typo and corrected.

Jazakullah Khairun for pointing it out.