| This | Dhaalika | ذَلِكَ |
| What? | Maa | مَا |
| Who? | Man | مَنْ |
| Sugar | Sukkarun | سُكَّرٌ |
| A Stone | Hajarun | حَجَرٌ |
| An Imam (in Salah) | Imamun | إِمَامٌ |
| Milk | Labanun | لَبَنٌ |
Lesson 2 of the book: Demonstrative Pronoun Dhaalika:
Lesson 2 of the book introduces you to the (demonstrative pronoun) Dhaalika which simply means “That” and it is written like this ذَلِكَ
(Dhaalika is always definite):
ذَلِكَ is always definite by default even though you don’t see an “ال” in front of it
(Dhaalika’s last letter is always Fixed):
Recall that we said that Arabic nouns are Marfoo, Mansoon or Majroor depending on the vowel (Damma, Fatha or Kasra) on the last letter but ذَلِكَ is always written as ذَلِكَ which makes your Lesson 2 dead simple!
Summary of concept of ذَلِكَ introduced in Lesson 2:
Start the sentence with ذَلِكَ (it is always definite and in this case Marfoo) put a second word next to it (make sure to remove the “ال” because the Khabar is usuallu indefinite and you end up with a completely good Arabic nominal sentence!
ذَلِكَ Sentences in Lesson 2:
Analysis is as follows:
- First word (Dhaalika) is Mubtada because it is Marfoo and definite
- Second word (Najmun) is Khabar because it is Marfoo and indefinite
- Translation is "That is a Star."
(مَا for asking questions about nonliving things): مَا means what?
When you place a مَا in front of ذَلِكَ it becomes a question meaning “What is this?
مَا ذَلِكَ؟ (Maa Dhaalika OR What is that?)
(مَن for asking questions about living things): مَن means who?
When you place a مَن in front of ذَلِكَ it becomes a question meaning “Who is this?
مَن ذَلِكَ؟ (Man Dhaalika OR Who is that?)
Revising Rule (أَ turns the sentence into a question):
When you place a أَ (Aa) in front of a nominal sentence it becomes a question, that’s all!
وَ means "And" and it is used in a similar way to English i.e. to combine.
The Lesson:
I have indicated the usage of "Maa", "Man" and "Wa" in different colours for you to pause and think!
مَا ذَلِكَ؟
ذَلِكَ نَجْمٌ
هَـٰذَا مَسْجِدٌ وَذلِكَ بَيْتٌ
هَـٰذَا حِصَانٌ وَذلِكَ حِمارٌ
أَذَلِكَ كَلْبٌ؟
لا، ذَلِكَ قِطٌٌ.
مَا ذَلِكَ؟
ذَلِكَ سَرِيرٌ
مَنْ هَـٰذَا وَمَنْ ذَلِكَ؟
هَـٰذَا مُدَرَّسٌ وَذَلِكَ إِِمَامٌ.
مَا ذَلِكَ؟
ذَلِكَ حَجَرٌ
مَا هَـٰذَا وَمَا ذَلِكَ؟
هَـٰذَا سُكَّرٌ وَذَلِكَ لَبَنٌ
Exercise:
- If you don't have the book, you can download it from here: http://www.4shared.com/document/S0daXA1J/Madina_Book_1.html
- Write down each sentence in the Lesson and analyse (like we have shown above i.e. identify Mubata/Khabar etc).If you wish to do so online here is the Arabic Keyboard http://www.arabic-keyboard.org/
- Write, write, write....
