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Madina Series Book 1: Lesson 0 (Part 2-Last Part)

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#1 [Permalink] Posted on 2nd May 2011 14:10

Asslamo Allaikum Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barakatuh,

Jazakullah Khairun for all the duas and kind words and may Allah (SWT) reward everyone for their concerns (Ameen).

Grammatical Inflection:

Consider the usage of the word “Khalid” in the English language:

  1. Khalid saw me
  2. I saw Khalid
  3. Khalid’s son

The sequence of the word Khalid in the first two examples indicates that Khalid did something in the first sentence while something happened to Khalid in the second sentence, while the usage of an apostrophe indicates possession in the third sentence. In English the entire meaning changes the minute you rearrange Khalid e.g.:

  1. I saw Khalid
  2. Khalid saw I

Are two completely different scenarios!

In Arabic this is achieved by the vowel on the last letter which gives Arabic unprecedented flexibility in sequencing i.e. as long the “د”on Khalid has the right vowel (e.g. Dammatain, Fathatain or Kasratain) Khalid can be placed anywhere in the sentence and the meaning will be conveyed accurately e.g.:


خالدٌ
 
with Fathatain (two Fathaas) an Alif is added and the vowels are placed on itخالداً  
خالدٍ

This Level 1 course will primarily deal with the following three (3) states described below:

  • State of Rafa or Marfoo = كتابٌ
  • State of Nasab or Mansoob  كتاباً , with Fathatain (two Fathaas) an Alif is added and the vowels are placed on it
  • State of Jaar or Majroor كتابٍ

Rule 1 (Arabic Nouns are Marfoo):

By default, Arabic Nouns Marfoo and something happens to the word for it to become Mansoob or Majroor so it is safe to pronounce most words with a Dammatain on the last letter e.g. مسجدٌ, رسُولٌ , رَبٌّ , مَدرَسِةٌ

It is essential that the vowel on the last letter is pronounced and in our experience, this is a critical mistake that many students make!

Definite vs. Indefinite:

In English, consider the following two cases:

  • (An) Apple
  • The Apple

The first case is about any apple while the second is about a particular apple.

Rule 2 (How to make a Noun definite):

By default a noun in Arabic is always indefinite and it is made definite by prefixing “ال” to it and when “ال”is added one of the vowels (e.g. one of the Dammas, Fathas or Kasras) drops out e.g. المسجدُ, الرسُولُ , الرَبُّ , المَدرَسِةُ

It is essential that the second vowel on the last letter is dropped and in our experience, this is a critical mistake that many students make by having “ال” and also Dammatain, Fathatain & Kasratain on the last letter.

Gender:
In Arabic, all nouns are either masculine or feminine with the sign of the later being as follows:

  • Taa Marboota (ة): All nouns with a ة at the end are always feminine e.g. سيَّارَةٌ
  • Ali Maqsoorah (الف مقصورة (ى)) All nouns with an Alif Maqsoorah are also feminine e.g. مُستَشفى (Mustashfa meaning hospital). Note that there are no two dots under the “Yaa”. It is a classical beginner error to pronounce this word as “Mustashfi” rather than “Mustashfa” so watch for the two dots!
  • Ali Mamdooda (الف ممدودة (ـاء)) All nouns with an Alif Mamdooda are also feminine e.g. أَذْكِياءُ (Adhkiya’u meaning those men who are intelligent).
  • Inherently Feminine: Some nouns are inherently feminine in Arabic e.g. شَمسٌ (Shamsun meaning Sun). These will be pointed out as the course continues

This may sound daunting to remember but we will practise it many many times so I wouldn' worry about it too much!

Endings for female names:

All female names in Arabic end with a single Damma in their Marfoo state e.g. عائشةُ , فاطمةُ , خديجةُ


Homework:

Download Madina Series Book 1 and select 10 nouns of your choice, try to pick 5 masculine and 5 feminine words.

http://www.4shared.com/document/S0daXA1J/Madina_Book_1.html

  • Write them in indefinite Marfoo, Mansoob & Majroor states
  • Then, add “ال” and write them in definite Marfoo, Mansoob & Majroor state

Next Lesson?

We will start Lesson 1 of the book pretty soon so its imperative for everyone to understand all the concepts described so far

AND WRITE, WRITE & WRITE!!!

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#2 [Permalink] Posted on 3rd May 2011 09:59

Assalaamu 'alaykum ww



I've only done 5 examples as short for time and takes me too long on the arabic keyboard. Sorry.


بَيْتاً البَيْتُ بَيْتٍ بَيْتٌ

كِتابٍ كِتابٌ كِتاباً الكِتابُ



مَسْجِدٍ مَسْجِدٌ مَسْجِداً المَسْجِدُ



قَمَرٍ قَمَرٌ قَمَراً القَمَرُ

شَمْسٍ شَمسٌ شَمْساً الشّمْسُ

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#3 [Permalink] Posted on 3rd May 2011 14:06
هذه الرسالة لمزامنة هذا الموضوع
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#4 [Permalink] Posted on 3rd May 2011 21:09

Asslamo Allaikum Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barakatuh,

Let me give another example where the noble and beloved name of Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) is used in all three states i.e. Marfoo, Mansoob & Majroor.

Name of Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) in Marfoo state:

لَآ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا اللّٰهُ مُحَمَّدٌ رَّسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ

Name of Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) in Mansoob state:

اَشْهَدُ اَنْ لَّآ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا اللہُ وَحْدَهٗ لَا شَرِيْكَ لَهٗ وَ اَشْهَدُ اَنَّ مُحَمَّدًاعَبْدُهٗ وَرَسُوْلُهٗ

Name of Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) in Majroor state:

أللهم صل على محمدٍ وعلى آل محمدٍ كما صليت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم إنك حميد مجيد. أللهم بارك على محمدٍ وعلى آل محمدٍ كما باركت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم إنك حميد مجيد

By default a noun will always be Marfoo

When everyone has done their homework and understood this simple yet critical concept we will begin the book, Insha'Allah.
 

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#5 [Permalink] Posted on 4th May 2011 00:08
May I ask how we know when to add a fathatain or a kasratain?

or would be learning that in the future inshallah
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#6 [Permalink] Posted on 4th May 2011 11:01

"Anonymous" wrote:
May I ask how we know when to add a fathatain or a kasratain? or would be learning that in the future inshallah

Asslamo Allaikum,

You will be learning when Kasratain is added Insha'Allah pretty quickly with Fathatain comes down the road.

Jazakullah Khairun

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#7 [Permalink] Posted on 4th May 2011 16:24
brothers n sisters on this course! assalaamu 'alaykum...where is everyone? Hope not scared off in just 1 lesson!
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#8 [Permalink] Posted on 4th May 2011 17:19
salaam

what do these terms mean?

Marfoo, Mansoob & Majroor
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#9 [Permalink] Posted on 4th May 2011 18:52

"xs11ax" wrote:
salaam what do these terms mean? Marfoo, Mansoob & Majroor

W-Salam,

For the time being don't worry about what they mean, just learn to call it and recognise it.

Marfoo = A word whose last letter has Dammatain (two Dammas) or a single Damma OR "Paish" as we are used to calling it in Urdu

Mansoob = A word whose last letter has Fathatain (two Fathas) or a single Fatha OR "Zabar" as we are used to calling it in Urdu

Majroor = A word whose last letter has Kasratain (two Kasra) or a single Kasra which is "Zaer" as we are used to calling it in Urdu

Name of Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) in Marfoo state:

لَآ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا اللّٰهُ مُحَمَّدٌ رَّسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ

Name of Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) in Mansoob state:

اَشْهَدُ اَنْ لَّآ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا اللہُ وَحْدَهٗ لَا شَرِيْكَ لَهٗ وَ اَشْهَدُ اَنَّ مُحَمَّدًاعَبْدُهٗ وَرَسُوْلُهٗ

Name of Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) in Majroor state:

أللهم صل على محمدٍ وعلى آل محمدٍ كما صليت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم إنك حميد مجيد. أللهم بارك على محمدٍ وعلى آل محمدٍ كما باركت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم إنك حميد مجيد

By default a noun will always be Marfoo

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#10 [Permalink] Posted on 6th May 2011 12:35

Masc
قَمِيصٍ قَمِيصًا القَمِيصُ
قَمِيصٌ
طَبِيبٍ طَبِيبًا الطَبِيبُ طَبِيبٌ
جَمَلٍ جَمَلًا الجَمَلُ جَمَلٌ
كِتابٌ كِتابٌ الكِتابُ كِتابٌ
قَلمٍ قَلمًا القَلمُ قَلمٌ

Fem.
حَقِيبَةٍ حَقِيبَةً الحَقِيبَةُ حَقِيبَةٌ
جَامعةٍ جَامعةً الجَامعةُ جَامعةٌ
غُرفَةٍ غُرفَةً الغُرفَةُ غُرفَةٌ
مَدرَسَةٍ مَدرَسَةً المَدرَسَةُ مَدرَسَةٌ
بنتٍ بنتًا اللنتُ بٍنتٌ

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#11 [Permalink] Posted on 6th May 2011 13:00
Salaam Ustadh Muadh, Sorry for not being able to attend and partake in the lessons as much as I really want to. I have been tied down so much in the past few weeks that I havent been able to take part. However, I have been logging on on a daily bases and trying to keep up. Unfortunately I log on from my phone and the Arabic is all backwards so I cant really do much until I get to a PC/Laptop.

InshaAllah I have seen the Madinah book in the shops and will get them to help me follow what has been covered so far. Jazakallah Khair
(I will rep you whenever I can as it is well deserved)
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#12 [Permalink] Posted on 6th May 2011 14:40

"abu mohammed" wrote:
Salaam Ustadh Muadh, Sorry for not being able to attend and partake in the lessons as much as I really want to. I have been tied down so much in the past few weeks that I havent been able to take part. However, I have been logging on on a daily bases and trying to keep up. Unfortunately I log on from my phone and the Arabic is all backwards so I cant really do much until I get to a PC/Laptop. InshaAllah I have seen the Madinah book in the shops and will get them to help me follow what has been covered so far. Jazakallah Khair (I will rep you whenever I can as it is well deserved)

Asslamo Allaikum my Brother,

Make dua to Allah (SWT) for acceptance, success and Aafiyya.

Jazakullah Khairun

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#13 [Permalink] Posted on 11th May 2011 18:28
قَمِيصٌ قَمِيصًًا قَمِيصٍٍ
القمِيصُ القمِيصَ القمِيصِ

طَبِيبٌ طَبِيبًا طَبِيبٍ
الطَبِيبُ الطَبِيبَ الطَبِيبِ

جَمَلٌ جَمَلاً جَمَلٍ
الجَمَلُ الجَمَلَ الجَمَلِ


more to come....missus sent me to the shop :(

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#14 [Permalink] Posted on 12th May 2011 11:04


قَمِيصٌ قَمِيصًا قَمِيصٍ
القمِيصُ القمِيصَ القمِيصِ

طَبِيبٌ طَبِيبًا طَبِيبٍ
الطَبِيبُ الطَبِيبَ الطَبِيبِ

جَمَلٌ جَمَلاً جَمَلٍ
الجَمَلُ الجَمَلَ الجَمَلِ

كِتابٌ كِتابًا كِتابٍ
الكِتابُ الكِتابَ الكِتابِ

قَلمٌ قَلَمًا قَلَمٍ
القَلَمُ القَلَمَ القَلَمِ

حَقِيبَةٌ حَقِيبَةً حَقِيبَةٍ
الحَقِيبَةُ الحَقِيبَةَ الحَقِيبَةِ

جَامِعَةٌ جَامِعَةً جَامِعَةٍ
الجَامِعَةُ الجَامِعَةَ الجَامِعَةِ

غُرفَةٌ غُرفَةً غُرفَةٍ
الغُرفَةُ الغُرفَةَ الغُرفَةِ

مَدرَسَةٌ مَدرَسَةً مَدرَسَةٍ
المَدرَسَةُ المَدرَسَةَ المَدرَسَةِ





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#15 [Permalink] Posted on 30th November 2013 06:41

وعليكم السلام ورحمة الله وبركاته

Feminine:

مَدرَسَةٌ مَدرَسَةً مَدرَسَةٍ اَلمَدرَسَةُ اَلمَدرَسَةَ اَلمَدرَسَةِ
غُرفَةٌ غُرفَةً غُرفَةٍ اَلغُرفَةُ اَلغُرفَةَ اَلغُرفَةِ
جَامِعَةٌ جَامِعَةً جَامِعَةٍ اَلجَامِعَةُ اَلجَامِعَةَ اَلجَامِعَةِ
شَمسٌ شَمساً شَمسٍ اَلشَّمسُ اَلشَّمسَ اَلشَّمسِ
سَيَّارَةٌ سَيَّارَةً سَيَّارَةٍ اَلسَّيَّارَةُ اَلسَّيَّارَةَ اَلسَّيَّارَةِ

Masculine:

بَيتٌ بَيتاً بَيتٍ اَلبَيتُ اَلبَيتَ اَلبَيتِ
مَسجِدٌ مَسجِداً مَسجِدٍ اَلمَسجِدُ اَلمَسجِدَ اَلمَسجِدِ
بَابٌ بَاباً بَابٍ اَلبَابُ اَلبَابَ اَلبَابِ
كِتَابٌ كِتَاباً كِتَابٍ اَلكِتَابُ اَلكِتَبَ اَلكِتَابِ
قَلَمٌ قَلَماً قَلَمٍ اَلقَلَمُ اَلقَلَمَ اَلقَلَمِ


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