Yasin, abu mohammed, Naqshband66, Taalibah, Arslan., Maria al-Qibtiyya, member2, Arfatzafar, queenie, muslim11, ibn Ismail 1 guest appreciates this topic.
Brother Naqshband66: Perhaps brother Malak can take the next question then insha'Allah. He did some digging in books and calculations for the inheritance question too masha'Allah.
SubhanAllah Imam Baqy Ibn Makhlad (rahimahullah) undertook a fantastic journey on foot. The story starts at roughly the 21:35 minute mark and ends at roughly the 28:25 minute mark. The largest collection of hadeeth... lost.
'Umar collected the kharaj (i.e. land tax) from land owners. Likewise, he levided the Jiziyah (i.e. a tax paid by non-Muslims in return for their living under Muslims' protection) on non-Muslim residents of the countries conquered by the Muslims. He levied forty eight Dirhams on the rich, twenty four Dirhams on the medium-income people and twelve Dirhams on the poor. The Kharaj amounted to a hundred and twenty million Dirhams, excluding the kharaj levied on other states. Hence, huge amounts of money were sent to the Treasury, on account of the booty, the Kharaj, the Jiziyah and the obligatory charity (Zakat). This, in turn, gave rise to the need to register account books and decide how that money was to be expended.
Really? The history book that I have mentions someone else...This is what I got:
A36)Abdul Malik ibn Marawan
1. issuing currency: In 76 A.H., Abdul Malik issued currency, being the first ever to innovate it in Islam. People benefited from this initiation. The reason for issuing currency was a result of a message he sent to the Romans in which he wrote, "Say, 'He is Allah the One'" [Surah Al-Ikhlas] and also mentioned the name of Rasulullah besides mentioning the date. In turn, the Roman king wrote back to Abdul Malik, "Indeed you have innovated such and such...so, you either leave that out or I will send you [inscribed] on our Dinars currency words about your Prophet which you will hate.' Then, Abdul Malik, who was greatly upset, summoned Khalid bin Yazid bin Mu'awiyah and consulted him about the issue. Khalid replied, "Ban any dealings in their currency, and issue a currency for the people with the name of Almighty Allah Ta'ala inscribed on it." This is exactly what Abdul Malik did. Besides, al-Hajjaj issued Dirhams on which "Say,'He is Allah, (the) One'" was inscribed. Later on, Islamic Dirhams and Dinars developed. Hence, Abdul Malik brought about financial independence for the Islamic state.
Taken from, The Simplified Encyclopedia of Islamic History part 1
"...With the rapid progress of Arab civilization a simple system of exchange for business transactions, the introduction of Arab coinage, and the withdrawal of foreign coins from circulation became necessary. Minting coins had been the exclusive right of the ruler, and the Umayyad Caliph 'Abd al-Malik determined to exercise this right. Together these reasons persuaded this Caliph to reform the currency in 77/964..."
This cannot be undone and I am sure it will be greatly appreciated.
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besides mentioning the date. In turn, the Roman king wrote back to Abdul Malik, "Indeed you have innovated such and such...so, you either leave that out or I will send you [inscribed] on our Dinars currency words about your Prophet which you will hate.' Then, Abdul Malik, who was greatly upset, summoned Khalid bin Yazid bin Mu'awiyah and consulted him about the issue. Khalid replied, "Ban any dealings in their currency, and issue a currency for the people with the name of Almighty Allah Ta'ala inscribed on it." This is exactly what Abdul Malik did. Besides, al-Hajjaj issued Dirhams on which "Say,'He is Allah, (the) One'" was inscribed. Later on, Islamic Dirhams and Dinars developed. Hence, Abdul Malik brought about financial independence for the Islamic state.
