as far as i know in the hanafi madhab we are not allowed to perform jummah salaat in a place where the general public are not allowed to take part. such as schools, prisons, workplaces, etc. however many muslims do perform jummah salaat in such places. has the ruling been revised or are there differences of opinion within the hanafi madhab and other madhabs?
This question is from Teenagers in a London College. They have no control over their lunch break which doesn't coincide with Jumuah prayers at the nearest hired prayer hall (not a Masjid).
They also cannot take time off whenever they wish.
1: From the minimum of 4 people required to perform Jummah Salah, Can the Imam give both Adhan's, perfom the Khutbah and give the Iqaama (and then lead the prayer)?
2: In the same scenario, due to lack of time at the campus/college, can just one Adhan be given or are both essential? If one Adhan suffices, when should it be given?
3: It is possible for 1-2 Sisters to Join in to make up the numbers in case there are not enough men/boys. Imam will always be present.
4: And if dhohar was offered due to lack of numbers, would that be in jamaat or offered individually?
Answer
GT161
بسم الله
This is a partial answer because this topic requires through reaearch which is being conducted.
O Believers - when you are called to prayer on yawm al-jumua’ (Friday) then *hasten towards the remembrance of Allah and leave business/trade/work (worldly matters).* That is better for you in you only knew.
[Sūra al-Jumu’a: Aya 9]
In Islam, Jumu'ah is a significant event which requires the whole city to get together and up to an including the local government. The concept is already diluted by multiple Jumu'ah in one small area. Consider the example of prisoners praying Jumu'ah in prison, we appreciate that ruling has been given to permit prisoners to pray in Prison but the concept is not for Jumu'ah to come to prisoners but for people to go to Jumu'ah as the verse dictates; including all other situations.
Same applies for people i.e. people are meant to be hastening to Jumu'ah and abandoning other matters and not for Jumu'ah to come to people.
Please note that no principle ruling is being given here that Jumu'ah at XYZ is invalid, just discussing it conceptually.
Due to the dilution of Jumu'ah, we are now faced with issues such as do we enough brothers? Who knows Arabic so Khutbah can be given in Arabic? Because nobody knows Arabic, can we get away with saying just a few Kalimahs in Arabic and the rest in English?
Thus, the matter requires research.
In a partial repsonse to a few queries:
1⃣ 3 men other then Imam are required. Women cannot be counted as they are not required to attend jumua. If the minimum number is not present then the dhuhr prayer needs to be offered individually.
2⃣ We have been living in the West for 60-70 years and we still cannot come to an understanding with education authorities as why the curriculum cannot be modified is such that lunch times can be allocated so Muslims may attend jumua. Students need to get their representative bodies (unions etc) involved. Muslims need to put forth that it is our religious obligation so it wouldn't hurt if the lunch times etc a’re slightly altered. This will prepare the students to enter into their full adulthood when they enter the workplace, they would have to ask for prayer times etc.
3⃣ Adverse weather and difficulty is an individual circumstantial question. Let’s say that there is a lion loose in one neighbourhood, it impacts certain individuals and not every one. Let's suppose that there is hazard on one street (mud, snow etc) so those who are impacted (directly) will need to consider Jumu'ah, there is no blanket ruling for the entire town.
This cannot be undone and I am sure it will be greatly appreciated.
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