Basic Hajj

HAjj - 5 DAYS AT A GLANCE

1. On 8th Dhul-Hijiah:

After Fajar, in the state ofIhram leave MAKKAH to go to MINA. Read Zohar, Asar, Magrib, Isha. Spend the day and night in MINA.

2. On 9th Dhul-Hiiiah:

After reading Fajar in MINA, _tart reciting Takbeer-e- Tashreek and set out from MINA

to go to ARAFAT. Stay in ARAFAT from zawal until sunset. Spend this day especially in worship and asking for forgiveness from Allah. Do not pray Maghrib Salaat in ARAFAT.

3. After sunset leave ARAFAT and go to MUZDALIFAH. Pray Maghrib and Isha Salaat together in MUZDALIFAH. Pick minimum of 49 pebbles from the ground at

MUZDALIFAH to throw at the Jamarat in MINA(for later). Stay the night until Fajar Salaat in MUZDALIFAH.

4. On 10th Dhul-Hijjah:

After read Fajar salaat in MUZDALIF AH start reciting Takbeer-e- Talbiyah, Durud Shareef and make dua before setting off. Just before sunset leave MUZDALIF AH to go to MINA and stone only one Jamarat (LARGE). 7 Pebbles required.

5. Perform Qurbani.

6. Go for cutting hair.

7. Take Ihram off. Have a bath and wear normal clothes..

8. Take rest in MINA.

9. Go to MAKKAH for Tawaf-e-Ziyarah, Perform Tawaf and Sa'ee.

10. Go back to MINA. Stay the night in MINA.

11. On 11th Dhul-Hijjah:

Any time during Zawal and Maghrib stone all 3 Jamarat. Total 21 pebbles required.

(If not possible then it is permissible to throw until subhe-sadik of 12th Dhul-Hijjah). Spend the day and night in MINA.

12 On 12th Dhul-Hijiah:

Anytime even during Zawal and Maghrib stone all 3 Jamarat. Total 21 pebbles required.

13. Leave MINA before Maghrib and go to MAKKAH.

(If you have stayed behind after Maghrib in MINA, then it is makrooh to leave. If you have stayed in MINA until subhe-sadiq then it is compulsory to stone all 3 Jamarat on the 13th Dhul-Hijjah) and if you decide to leave MINA without stoning the Jamarat then a penalty will have to be paid.

ALHAMDULILLAH... HAJJ IS COMPLETE!

Haj is the 5th pillar of Islam. The Prophet Mohammed Sallallāhu Alaihi Wasallam did not introduce the performance of Haj. It can be said to be as old as the Ka'aba itself. Haj is a combination of both, physical and monetary ibādat [devotion].

Haj was made compulsory in the 3rd year after the Hijrat. Allah says:

"Haj of the Bait (Ka'aba) is compulsory on the people for the sake of Allah on those who have the means" (3:10)

After the hijrat, the Muslims performed the first Haj in the 9th year A.H. with Hazrat Abubaker Radhiallāhu Anhu as the Amīr. It was only in the following year that the Prophet Sallallāhu Alaihi Wasallam performed Haj which is famously known as the Farewell Haj.

MEANING OF HAJ:

Haj literally means an intention to visit and technically it can be defined as visiting a particular place at a particular time and performing particular rites there. (Going to Makkah during the time of haj and doing Tawāfe Ziyārat, Wuqūfe Arafah, etc)

TIME OF HAJ:

Allah says:

"And for haj are months well known " (2:248)

The months of haj are Shawwāl, Thul Qa'dah and the first ten days of Thul Hijjah.

The rites of haj are performed in these months. The commencement of these months will also determine if Haj is compulsory upon a person or not.

VIRTUES OF HAJ:
Nabi Karīm Sallallāhu Alaihi Wasallam is reported to have said:

" Whosoever performed Haj only for Allah, did not become intimate with women and did not commit any disobedience, he will return home pure (of sins) as he was on the day he was born." (Bukhari, Muslim)
Nabi Karīm Sallallāhu Alaihi Wasallam is reported to have said:

" The reward of Haj Mabroor is but Jannat." (Bukhari, Muslim)

The benefits of Haj can be easily understood from the above two hadith.

WARNING FOR NEGLECTING HAJ:

Nabi Karīm Sallallāhu Alaihi Wasallam is reported to have said:

" The person who has the means to go to the house of Allah and does not go for Haj, he can die a Jew or Christian."

The Prophet Sallallāhu Alaihi Wasallam has likened a person having the means and not performing Haj with the Jews and Christians. They have wronged in their beliefs and actions, likewise this person is equally wrong and in error by not performing Haj even after possessing the means to do so.

CONDITIONS OF HAJ:

The conditions which will make haj compulsory on a person are:

* To be a Muslim.

* To have the knowledge that haj is compulsory.

* To be mature.

* To be sane.

* The time of haj.

* Safety of route and sufficient funds for the journey to and from Makkah.

* Female to be accompanied by a Mahram.

ARKĀN (FARĀ'IDH) OF HAJ:

* Wuqūf Arafah.

* Tawāf Ziyārat.

WĀJIBĀT OF HAJ:

* Sa'ī

* Wuqūfe Muzdalifa

* Rami

* Tawāfe Widā (except a woman who is impure at the time)

* Halq or Qasr

* Thabah for a Qārin or Mutamatti

SUNAN OF HAJ:

* Tawāfe Qudūm for an Āfāqi who is either a Mufrid or Qārin. (not for a Mutamatti)

* Raml and Idhtibā

* To go to Mina on the 8th after Fajr and perform 5 salāts (Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Eshā and Fajr) there and to spend the night there as well.

* To go to Arafah from Mina after sunrise on the 9th.

* Not to leave Arafah before the Imām of haj.

* To stay the night in Muzdalifa returning from Arafah.

* To make ghusl in Arafah.

* To spend the nights of Nahr in Mina.

TYPES OF HAJ:

1. IFRĀD:

A haj wherein Ihrām is adopted for the performance of haj only. Such a haji is called a Mufrid.

2. TAMATTU:

A haj wherein two Ihrāms are adopted in one journey, one for performing Umrah and the other for Haj. Such a haji is called a Mutamatti.

3. QIRĀN:

A haj wherein one Ihrām is adopted for both Haj and Umrah in one journey. Such a haji is called a Qārin.

MAWĀQIT:

A Miqāt (Mawāqit - Plural) is that point or place where Ihrām should be adopted. In terms of from where ihrām should be adopted, people fall into 3 categories:

1. AHLUL ĀFĀQ: Those people who reside beyond the limits of the Mawāqit.

They must adopt ihrām for Haj and Umra before or at the Miqāt if they wish to proceed beyond the Miqāt.

2. AHLUL HIL: Those people who live within the limits of the Mawāqit but beyond the Haram.

They can adopt the ihrām for Haj and Umra anywhere between the Miqāt and the boundaries of the Haram of Makkah. If they are entering the boundaries of the Haram for reasons other than haj and umra, they can do so without ihrām.

3. AHLUL HARAM: Those people who live within the boundaries of the Haram of Makkah.

They should adopt ihrām for haj anywhere within the limits of the Haram of Makkah and for Umra anywhere in the area called Hil.

IHRĀM

Ihrām literally means to make something harām upon oneself. By adopting ihrām (donning the two sheets, making niyat and reciting the talbiya, certain things which were halāl

(allowed) now become harām (not allowed) upon that person. Thus, we can say that ihrām is a state (condition) which a person has subjected himself to and he can reverse this state only if particular rites are performed.

Furthermore, the two sheets a Haji or Mu'tamir wears is also called ihrām because it reflects ones intention and status.

Once a person adopts an ihrām, it must not be ended abrubtly without completing the intended haj or umra. This applies even if a person has committed an act which will render his ihrām fāsid.

However;

* if a muhrim was unable to make wuqūf of Arafah, he should then perform the acts of umra and terminate such an ihrām.

* if a muhrim is prevented from performing haj or umra, than such a muhrim can end the state of ihrām by offering a sacrifice within the boundaries of the haram.

It is wājib to perform the Qadha of any ihrām terminated without performing the rites of the intended hajj or Umra.

CONDITIONS OF IHRĀM:

* To be a Muslim.

* To form an intention and to recite the talbiya or any other zikr that is an acceptable substitute for the talbiya.

WĀJIBĀT OF IHRĀM:

* To adopt ihrām from the miqāt.

* To stay away from that which is prohibited in ihrām.

SUNAN OF IHRĀM:

* To perform ghusl or wudhu.

* To apply itr before making an intention for the Ihrām of Haj or Umrah.

* To use two sheets as the dress for ihrām.

* To perform two rakāts salāh as sunnat of ihrām.

* To recite the talbiya as reported in the hadith .

* To recite it loudly.

* To recite it thrice.

TAWĀF

Circumambulating the Ka'aba 7 times is called Tawāf.

TYPES OF TAWĀF:

QUDOOM or LIQA:

This tawāf is performed on arrival at the Ka'aba. It is sunnat for an Āfāqi performing Haj Ifrād or Qirān. It is not sunnat for a Mutamatti, Makkahn nor a person performing Umrah. It should be performed before Wuqūfe Arafah.

ZIYĀRAT:

This tawāf is a rukn of Haj. It can be performed from subah sādiq of the 10th Thul Hijjah till the sunset of the 12th Thul Hijjah.

SADR or WIDĀ:

This tawāf is performed prior to your departing from Makkah. It is wājib for an Āfāqi but not a Makkahn. It cannot be performed before Tawāfe Ziyārat. The best time for its performance is just before you leave Makkah returning home.

UMRAH:

This tawāf is a rukn of Umrah. (Note: Raml and Idhtibā should also be observed in an umrah afterwhich Sa'ī is compulsory.

NAZR:

A tawāf which becomes compulsory after an oath is taken for its performance.

TAHIYYA:

This tawāf is performed upon entry in the Baitullah. It is like the two rakāts of tahiyyatul masjid.

NAFL:

This tawāf is optional and can be performed at any time.

FARDH OF TAWĀF:

* To complete at least 4 circuits of the tawāf.

* To make tawāf within the precincts of the Masjide Harām and beyond the structure of the Baitullah (Ka'aba).

* To perform Tawāf on your own.

WĀJIBĀT OF TAWĀF:

* To be clean (pāk) from Hadth Akbar and Asghar.

* To cover your satr.

* To walk and perform tawāf if are you fit enough to do so.

* To commence the tawāf from ones right.

* To include the Hateem in the circuits.

* To complete 7 circuits for the tawāf.

* To perform 2 rakāts after tawāf.

It is incorrect and sinful to omit the observance of a wājib of tawāf. As such, it is compulsory (should one do so) to repeat such a tawāf whilst resident in Makkah. Otherwise upon returning home, he is liable for sadaqa. (Details f sadaqa will follow.)

SUNAN OF TAWĀF:

* Idhtibā

* Raml in the first 3 circuits of the tawāf.

Note: The above two apply to men only.

* To stand facing the Hajre Aswad when commencing the tawāf.

* To recite the Takbeer when in front of the Hajre Aswad in all circuits.

* To lift both hands when standing before the Hajre Aswad and reciting the takbeer.

* Istilām - to kiss the Hajre Aswad or to touch it with your right hand and kiss the hand or from a distance stretch out arms with palms facing it and then kiss the palms.

* To start the tawāf from Hajre Aswad.

* To complete all the circiuts in succession.(i.e. without a break therein)

DO NOT WHILE PERFORMING TAWĀF:

* Face the Baitullah. (prohibited)

* Talk unnecessarily.

* Recite your azkār in such a manner that you confuse fellow congregants. (Musallis and Mutawwifs)

* Perform tawāf with impure clothes. (exceeding the accepted limits)

* Omit Rami and Idhtibā in a tawāf afterwhich Sa'ī is compulsory.

MISCELLANEOUS:

* After every tawāf it is compulsory to perform two rakāts of salāh. The responsibility of doing so remains even after returning home.

* It is preferable for an Āfaqi to perform nafl tawāf rather than nafl salāh.

* It is also preferable for an Āfaqi to perform more tawāf than umrah.

* Make Istilām of only Hajre Aswad and Rukn Yamani. (Istilām of Rukn Yamani means to touch it with both hands or at least the right hand. No kissing of the Rukn Yamani.)

SA'I

CONDITIONS FOR SA'Ī:

1. To perform Sa'ī on your own.

2. Sa'ī must be performed after a tawāf.

3. To commence the Sa'ī on Mount Safā and end on Mount Marwa.

WĀJIBĀT:

1. To complete the remaining 3 circuits (after the compulsory 4) which will complete seven.

2. To perform Sa'ī walking if you do not have a valid Shar'i reason for doing otherwise.

SUNNATS:

1. To leave Masjide Harām for Sa'ī by making Istilām of Hajre Aswad.

2. To perform Sa'ī after Tawāf without undue delay.

3. To climb onto Mount Safā and Marwa and look at the Ka'aba from there.

4. To perform the circuits of Sa'ī one after the other without any delay.

5. To run between Batnul Wādi (Meelain Akhdarain) for males only.

MISCELLANEOUS:

It is preferable to perform Sa'ī whilst in the state of wudhu. After completion of Sa'ī, perform two rakāts of nafl salāh at the edge of the Matāf.

Performance of Sa'ī is wājib both for Haj and Umra.

WUQŪF ARAFAH

The time for wuqūf spans from zawwāl of the 9th Thul Hijjah till subah sādiq of the 10th Thul Hijjah.

It is wājib to prolong your wuqūf from zawwāl till sunset, however even a moment of presence within the boundaries of Arafah is sufficient for the fulfilment of the Fardh obligation.

It is sunnat to have a ghusl on this day.

It is best and most virtuous to stand facing the Qibla and make dua with hands raised. If physical strength does not allow this, then stand as much as possible. This period should also be spent in the thikr of Allah.

Zohr and Asar Salāt of this day must be combined and performed in the time of Zohr subject to conditions which follow hereunder:

* The person must be in the state of Ihrām of Haj.

* They should be performed with jamāt.

* The Ameer of haj or his Representative must be present in the (congregation) jamāt.

* They should be performed after zawwāl but before the onset of Asar time.

* They should be performed in the plains of Arafah or its nearby areas.

Each salāh will be performed with a separate Iqāmah.

WUQŪFE MUZDALIFA

Wuqūf of Muzdalifa can be made from subah sādiq of the 10th till sunrise of the same day. Staying at Muzdalifa during haj is wājib albeit for a moment. However it is sunnate muakkadah to stay at Muzdalifa during this time until it becomes reasonably light to the extent that there is sufficient time to perform 2 rakāt salāh before sunrise.

It is sunnate muakkada to combine and perform Maghrib and Esha salāh during the time of Esha (this means that you will delay the performance of maghrib salāh) subject to conditions which follow hereunder:

* The person must be in a state of Ihrām of Haj.

* It must be preceded by the Wuqūf of Arafah.

* Both must be performed in the time of Esha.

Both the salāh are performed with one Iqāmah only.

It is makrūh to extend your wuqūf after sunrise and then depart for Mina.

RAMI

Four days have been fixed for rami (pelting). The first 3 days are necessary for the validity of Haj. The compulsion of the fourth day depends on other factors.

It is compulsory (rukn) to throw at least 4 pebbles and wājib to throw the remaining 3, making it seven in total.

Pebbles must be of earthly origin. (Those objects on which tayammum is permitted)

Rami must be done before Thabah and Halq.

CONDITIONS OF RAMI:

* To throw the pebbles and not to put or place them.

* To throw the pebbles with your hands.

* To make pebbles land close to the jamarahs. (At least a metre or two close.)

* To perform rami personally unless circumstances do not permit.

THE DAYS ON WHICH RAMI IS OBSERVED:

10 THUL HIJJAH:

Rami can be made from subah sādiq until subah sādiq of the next day. On this day only the Jamarah Uqba is pelted. It is sunnat to pelt from sunrise till zawwāl. From Zawwāl till sunset is a permitted period. From sunset till subah sādiq of the next day is a makrūh time. However, if circumstances force a person to do rami in this time (as is the case nowadays) then it will not be makrūh. It is also makrūh to pelt from subah sādiq of the 10th till sunrise of the same day.

11 THUL HIJJAH:

12 THUL HIJJAH:

On these days, all three jamarahs are pelted. Pelting can be done from zawwāl of that day till subah sādiq of the next day. However, the sunnat time for rami is from zawwāl till sunset and thereafter, it will become makrūh. Despite this, if the situation on that particular day forces a person to pelt in the makrūh time (as is the case nowadays) then it will not be considered as makrūh.

13 THUL HIJJAH:

If a person does not depart and leave the boundaries of Mina before the sunset of the 12th Thul Hijjah, it is makrūh for him to leave Mina without pelting on the 13th. Should a person extend his stay in Mina till the start of subah sādiq on the 13th, then it is wājib to make rami on that day. Non- observance will incur a damm.

On this day all three jamarahs will be pelted. This can be done from subah sādiq till sunset. However, it is sunnat to do so after zawwāl and makrūh before zawwāl.

THABAH

It is wājib for a Qārin and Mutamatti to offer a sacrifice as appreciation for performing Haj & Umra in one journey if they have the means. Otherwise 10 fasts should be kept as a substitute. It is mustahab for a Mufrid to offer this sacrifice.

The fasts should be kept in the following manner:

3 fasts after release from your Umra Ihrām during the months of haj but before the 10th Thul Hijjah. The remaining 7 should be kept after the Ayyām Tashreeq anywhere but preferably in your place of residence.

It is necessary to offer the sacrifice on either the 10th, 11th or 12th but before the sunset of the 12th.

HALQ / QASR

Halq is shaving of the head and Qasr is trimming the hair of the whole head by at least a centimetre. This act is wājib for haj. It will lift all the prohibitions associated with the state of ihrām except fulfilment of the carnal desire.

It can be done from subah sādiq of the 10th with no time limit thereafter. However, it is wājib to do it within the boundaries of the Haram and between the time after you complete rami of jamarah uqba on the 10th till sunset on the 12th. Not to perform halq or qasr within the boundaries of the haram and not adhering to the time limit will incur damm. It is best to do it on the 10th.

It is sunnat to make Halq whilst Qasr is merely permitted. For women it is sunnat to make Qasr while Halaq is totally prohibited.

JINĀYAT

Not adhering to the restrictions of Ihrām and rules of haj is called jināyat. As recompense for such shortcomings, the Shariah has imposed particular penalties.

Jināyat are of 2 types:
Failure to comply with the restrictions of Ihrām.
Omission of a wājib act of haj.

The nature of recompense for a jināyat are of 3 types:

DAMM:

It denotes the sacrifice of a goat, sheep or a seventh part of a big animal. (Cow,ox,etc.) All requirements for an animal when observing Qurbāni (Eidul Adha) will also apply.

BUDANAH:

It denotes the sacrifice of a cow or the like. It becomes compulsory for only 2 instances of jināyat.

* When performing tawāfe ziyārat in the state of Hadth Akbar (requiring a ghusl) or in a state of menstruation or Nifās.

* When indulging in sexual intercourse after wuqūfe Arafah, before halaq on the 10th.

SADAQAH:

This term has 3 variants:

* If the recompense is stipulated as Sadaqa, then it will denote the amount of Sadaqatul Fitr. (approximately one and three quarter kg of wheat or its equivalent in money)

* If the recompense is stipulated as some sadaqa, then it will refer to a handful of grain.

* If the recompense is linked particularly to wearing sewn clothes, applying perfume, paring nails, shaving hair due to some valid reason, then it will refer to giving 6 masākeen one and three quarter kgs of wheat each.

Jināyat can be committed with or without a valid excuse. The resultant recompense will then vary.

Valid excuses will include:

* fever

* Severe cold or heat

* Wounds, sores, boils, blisters

* headaches

* large quantity of lice

Mistakes, forgetfulness, unconsciousness, sleep, poverty are not regarded as valid shari excuses.

If a complete jināyat is committed as a result of a valid excuse, then one has the option to:

* Give a damm

* Fast 3 days.

* Give 6 masakeen the equivalent of Sadaqatul Fitr.

If an incomplete jināyat is committed as result of a valid excuse then one has the options of:

* Fasting 3 days.

* Giving 6 masakeen Sadaqatul Fitr.

It follows that recompense is obligatory even if a restriction of Ihrām is not adhered to with a valid excuse. The only difference will be the penalties imposed.

Notwithstanding the above, if a wājib act of haj is omitted deliberately without a valid reason then a penalty becomes obligatory but, if omitted with a valid excuse then no recompense is required or obligatory.

JINĀYAT OF IHRĀM:

* To apply perfume.

* To wear sewn garments for males.

* To cover the head and face for males and only the face for females.

* To remove hair from the body.

* To remove or kill lice from ones body.

* To clip nails.

* To indulge in sexual relations.

* To hunt wild animals on land.

* To cut the vegetation of the haram.

Besides 7, 8, and 9, commission thereof can be classified either as complete or incomplete jināyat. (complete or incomplete could be determined by a full day or part thereof and a complete limb or part thereof)

UMRAH

The performance of Umrah is classified as Sunnat. Should a person have the means, he is obliged (Sunnate Muakkadah) to perform Umrah at least once in a lifetime.

Umrah can be performed anytime during the year except on the 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, and 13th of Thul Haj.

Umrah performed during Ramadān is more virtous than an umrah on other days.

Our Prophet Mohammed Sallallāhu Alaihi Wasallam performed 4 Umrahs during his lifetime and all after making Hijrat to Medina.
In the year 6 A.H. on the occasion of the Treaty of Hudaibiya. (Though, the Prophet Sallallāhu Alaihi Wasallam as per the terms of the treaty could not perform Umrah that particular time, but it is listed as one by virtue of commencing it being in the state of Ihrām.
In the next year, (7 A.H.) as a qaza for the incomplete Umrah of Hudaibiya.
In the year 8 A.H. returning from the expedition of Hunain.
In the year 10 A.H. together as part of the Farewell Haj.

VIRTUES OF UMRAH:

Hazrat Abu Hurairah reports that the Prophet Sallallāhu Alaihi Wasallam said:

" An umrah is recompense and atonement for the period till the performance of the next umrah ". (Bukhari - Muslim

PROCEDURE OF UMRAH

Before you proceed beyond the miqāt, do the following:

* Take a bath (Make ghusl) as it is Sunnat, if not wudhu will suffice.

* Wear the ihrām sheets. (Ladies will wear normal clothing as part of their Ihrāam)

* Perform 2 rakāts sunnatul ihrām with headgear.

* After the completion thereof, removing headgear, make intention: " O Allah, I intend performing umrah, therefore make it easy for me and accept it." Theresafter, recite the Talbiyah.

The recitation of the talbiya admits one into the state of ihrām which effects certain restrictions.(eg. wearing perfume, etc) Recite the talbiya excessively and repeatedly.

MAKKAH:

Enter the Masjidul Harām from Babus Salām if no inconvenience is experienced. At the first sighting of the Ka'aba, make any dua you wish as this is an occasion when duas are certainly accepted by Allah. Do not allow such an opportunity to go by without deriving maximum benefit. thereafter proceed towards Hajre Aswad to commence tawāf.

TAWĀF:
Before you start tawāf, make Idhtibā and it must be observed for the entire duration of the tawāf.
Stand facing the Hajre aswad in such a manner that the Hajre Aswad remains to your right. Thereafter make intention of tawāf: " O Allah, I intend performing tawāf of your sacred house, therefore make it easy for me and accept it."
Proceed towards the Hajre Aswad and when directly opposite, raise both hands (like in salāh) say: (Takbeer)
After saying the takbeer, make Istilām. Istilām will either mean:

* kissing the hajre aswad.

* touching the Hajre Aswad with your right hand and then kissing the hand.

* stretching out your arms with both palms facing the hajre Aswad, then kissing the palms.

* Stop reciting the talbiya after the first istilām.

* Commence the tawāf by moving towards the right.

Men will make rami in the first 3 circuits of tawāf.
Upon reaching the 4th corner of the Ka'aba (Rukn Yamani) touch it with the hands or at least the right hand but no kissing of the Rukn Yamani .
When starting a new circuit say the takbeer and make istilām again.
On completion of the 7th circiut , make istilām once again.
During tawāf, one may engage in the recitation of the Qurān, Azkār or duās. The 3rd Kalima is recommended on three sides and Rabbana Ātinabetween the Ruknul Yamani and Hajre Aswad.

AFTER COMPLETION OF TAWĀF:

1. Perform 2 rakāts salāh(wājib) behind Maqāme Ibrahim or any convenient place in the Haram. Be mindful of the prohibited times of salāh.

2. Thereafter, at the Multazam engage in dua with arms stretched above the head and clinging to the wall. (if not

inconvenient)

3. Now you go the Zam Zam Well and drink its water. Face the Ka'aba and observe all other etiquette of drinking water. Return to the Ka'aba, make istilām saying the takbeer.

SA'Ī:

1. Commence the Sa'ī from Mount Safā. Facing the Ka'aba make the intention for Sa'ī: O Allah, I intend making Sa'ī, therefore, make it easy and accept it." Recite the takbeer loudly and Durood Sharif softly.

2. Walk towards Marwah at normal walking pace.

3. Run (men only) in the area with green markings.

4. On reaching marwah, do the same as what you did on Mt Safā.

5. Walking to and fro Safā and Marwah, 7 times will complete Sa'ī.

6. It is then sunnat to perform 2 rakkats nafl salāh anywhere in the Haram.

HALQ OR QASR:

Men are required to shave their heads or clip their hair uniformly. A woman should cut the length of their fingertips.

(about an inch) This formally ends the restrictions of the ihrām of umrah.

PROCEDURE OF HAJ

8TH THUL HAJ:

Take a bath if possible after performing Fajr Salāt, otherwise wudhu will suffice. Don the two pieces of ihrām (for a male). Perform two rakāts of Sunnate-Ihrām with headgear. After completion of same , remove headgear and make intention: " O Allah , I am preparing for Haj , therefore make it easy for me , accept it and assist me , grant me blessing in it.I make intention for Fard Haj and I don the Ihrām for You , O Allah ". Recite the Talbiya as well. You are now in the state in Ihrām which prevents you from many things (refer to other books were these are discussed in detail) Recite excessively, in particular the Talbiya , and also the Tahleel , Tahmeed and Takbeer. You now proceed for Mina and try to reach there before Zawwal because staying there from Zawwal of this day till the morning of the next is Mustahab. Perform the next five Salāts there as well. (Zohr, Asr, Maghrib, Esha and Fajr)

9TH THUL HAJ:

When the sun has risen considerably, depart from Mina for the plains of Arafat.The wuqūf (stay) there is a rukn

(obligation) of Haj. En-route recite in abundance Talbiya etc. It is Wājib to stay there from zawwal to sunset. The essence of Haj is embodied in your stay there, therefore do not allow this opportunity to elude you by being idle and involved in futile activity. Rather engage yourself in the Glorification of your Creator and, seek forgiveness and, salvation in particular for yourself and, generally the entire Ummah .If you are performing Salāt with the Imām of Haj

(this is very unlikey) then you will perform Zohr and Asr in the time of Zohr with one Athān and two Iqāmats (one for each salāh). If this is not possible then perform your Zohr and Asr in their respective times. Performance with jamāt (congregation)is more desired.

(Note: According to the Hanafis, Zohr and Asr will read in its normal time because the conditions for joining these two salāt are not met.)

Wait a little while after sunset and without performing Maghrib Salāt, proceed towards MUZDALIFA . Do not perform Maghrib on your way there nor before the time of Esha.

After the time of Esha has commenced, perform Maghrib and Esha without any delay between them with one Athān and one Iqāmat . Upon completion, perform sunnats and nafl of Maghrib and Esha respectively. This is also a very auspicious night and reference of making thikr during this night is made in the Qurān. It is also recommended to pick up pebbles for rami there. (seven for the 10th: twenty one for the 11th; twenty one for the 12th and twenty one for the 13th should the need arise.)

10TH THUL HAJ:

As soon as dawn breaks, perform Fajr Salāh while it is still dark. About five minutes before sunrise, leave Muzdalifa for Mina. Today you are required to perform four very important rites of haj. Performing the first three in sequence is Wājib:

1. Rami

2. Thabah

3. Halq

4. Tawāfe Ziyārat

1. RAMI (Pelting the Jamarah):

On this day only Jamarah Uqba must be pelted. Stand as close as five yards (otherwise as close as possible) to the jamarah. Pelt towards the bottom of the coloumn. Each pebble should be pelted separately. (all seven should not be thrown simultaneously) This jamrah can be pelted from subah sādiq of the 10th up until sabah sādiq of the 11th. However, from sunrise until zawwal is sunnat; from zawwāl until sunset is mubah (permissable); from sunset until subah sādiq and from subah sādiq of the 10th till sunrise of the same day is makrūh. If rami is amde after the permitted time, Damm will become Wājib and Qaza will also have to be done. If due to circumstances (eg. old age, pressure of crowds)) pelting is done in the makruh time, it will not be regarded as makruh. This latitude applies to women also. As soon as you pelt the jamarah with the first pebble , stop the recitation of the talbiya.

2. DHABAH (Sacrifice):

You now offer a sacrifice in appreciation for being afforded the opportunity to perform Haj and Umra in one journey. This sacrifice is different from the offerings during the days of Eidul Adha.

3. HALQ (Shaving or Clipping of Hair):

It is sunnat to take off all the hair for males, though trimming (uniformally) is also permitted. Women should take off the length of their fingertips. It is also sunnat to remove your hair in Mina. The removal of your hair marks the end of the state of ihrām except for relations with your spouse.

4. TAWĀFE ZIYĀRAT:

This is a rukn of Haj. It should be performed at any time from subah sādiq of the 10th. If delayed beyond the sunset of the 12th without a valid reason, Damm will have to be made. It is best to perform it on the 10th after fulfilling the first three rites of the same day. Should you perform tawāf in civilian clothing (which is now allowed), there is no idhtibā (covering the upper body in such a manner as to expose the right shoulder). In either case Rami (walking briskly) must be observed in the first three circuits of tawāf. Perform the two rakāts of Tawāf and then make Sa'ī of Safā and Marwa. (commence at Safā and end at Marwa) You now return to Mina and spend all your time there.

11TH THUL HAJ:

Today you have only one rite to observe, namely, Rami. Unlike the 10th wherein you pelted only Jamarah Uqba; on this day you will pelt in this sequence; Jamarah oola, Jamarah Wustā and Jamarah Uqba. (seven pebbles for each Jamarah) Pelting can be done between Zawwāl of this day till subah sādiq of the next. One has to consider that the sunnat time is from zawwāl till sunset and it is makruh from sunset till subah sādiq. If due to circumstances (as explained for the 10th) Rami is done during this time, it will not be makruh. If you observe Rami after the permitted time Damm will become Wājib and Qaza will also have to be done.

12TH THUL HAJ:

Today you also perform one rite, namely, Rami. the rules and regulations are the same as for the 11th.

If you have left the boundaries of Mina by sunset of this day, you will be exonerated from Rami on the 13th.

13TH THUL HAJ:

If one is still in Mina after sunset of the 12th but left before subah sādiq then such action will be regarded as makruh because being in Mina required that you make Rami the next day. Today you will also pelt all three jamarahs. The time for pelting on this day is from subah sādiq till sunset. Sunnat time is from zawwāl till sunset and makruh time is from subah sādiq till zawwāl. If rami is made after sunset then Damm becomes Wājib.

TAWĀFE WIDĀ:

Returning from Mina concludes all rites of haj except ther above tawāf. It cannot be performed prior to tawāfe ziyārat but subsequently at any time. It is most recommended to perform it just before you finally depart Makkah. This tawāf is Wājib. (not for napāk women) As a result, if omitted damm will become necessary. You do not make Raml in this tawāf nor is there a Sa'ī thereafter.

SUMMARISED PROCEDURE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF HAJ

HAJ IFRĀD

1. Adhere to the instructions 1.2.3.4 as detailed in the procedure of Umrah except that now you will will make intention:

" O Allah, I intend performing Haj, therefore make it easy for me and accept it ".

2. On reaching Makkah, perform Tawāf Liqā (Qudoom) only. (For details, see section of Tawāf in procedure of umrah)

3. Observe Idhtibā and Raml only if you wish to perform Sa'ī of Haj immediately after Tawāf Liqā.

4. A Mufrid does not stop reciting the Talbiya after making the 1st Istilām in the tawāf Liqā.

5. Thereafter remain in Makkah till the 8th Thul Hijjah in the state of ihrām and complete the haj as outlined in the procedure of haj with the same ihrām.

6. It is optional for a Mufrid to offer a sacrifice, as a result if one does not offer a sacrifice, one has to maintain a sequence between Rami and Halq only.

HAJ QIRĀN

1. Perform a complete Haj as detailed in the procedure of haj except that:

a) now you will make intention: " O Allah , I intend performing Haj and Umrah, therefore make it easy for me and accept it".

b) do not stop reciting talbiya after making the 1st istilām.

c) do not shave or trim your hair which would have released you from the state of ihrām.

2. Immediately after completion of Umrah, perform Tawāf Qudoom (with Idhtibā and Raml) and thereafter a Sa'ī. Now you need not perform a Sa'ī after Tawāf Ziyārat.

3. Remain in ihrām till the 8th Thil Hijjah when you will proceed to Mina.

4. Complete the Haj as detailed in the procedure of haj.

HAJ TAMATTU

Perform a umrah as detailed in the procedure of Umrah.
2.

Perform a Haj as detailed in the procedure of Haj.

Basic Hajj

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