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Ameerul Mu'mineen Ali Ibn Abi Talib (RA) al-Murtada
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Seifeddine-M
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It is stated in al-Fiqh al-Akbar: 'The most noble person after the Prophets (upon them be blessings and peace) is Abu Bakr, the Most Truthful (as-Siddeeq), (may Allaah be pleased with him), then 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, the Differentiator (al-Farooq), (May Allaah be pleased with him), then 'Uthman Ibn 'Affan, Possesor of Two Lights (Dhun-Nurayn), (May Allaah be pleased with him), and then 'Ali Ibn Abi Talib, the Chosen One (al-Murtada), (may Allaah be pleased with him).'
The Messenger of Allaah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) remarked to Hadrat Ali (رضي الله عنه), "You are to me like Haroon (عليه السلام) was to Moosa (عليه السلام), except that there is to be no Prophet after me."
His lineage is: 'Ali son of Abu Talib son of 'Abdul-Muttalib son of Hashim son of 'Abd Manaf son of Qusayy al-Qurashi.
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إنـما الأعـمـال بالنيات وإنـمـا لكـل امـرئ ما نـوى
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Seifeddine-M
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Name And Lineage
His name is 'Ali ibn Abi Taalib (whose name name was 'Abd Manaf), Ibn 'Abdul Muttalib (whose name was Shaybah), Ibn Haashim (whose name was Al-Mugheerah), Ibn Qusayy (whose name was Zayd), Ibn Kilaab, Ibn Murrah, Ibn Ka'b, Ibn Lu'ayy, Ibn Ghaalib, Ibn Fihr, Ibn Maalik, Ibn Nadr, Ibn Kinaanah. He was also known as Abu Turaab (the father of dust), a name given to him by the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam), whose daughter Faatimah az-Zahraa' (radiallaahu 'anha) he married.
According to some authors Ali (radiallaahu 'anh) was 21 old at the time of marriage, while Fatima (radiallaahu 'anha) was 16 years old.
'Ali's mother was Fatimah Bint (daughter of) Asad, Ibn Hishaam, ibn Abd Manaaf, Ibn Qusayy. It was said that she was the first chold born to the Hashimite family. She embraced Islaam and migrated to Madeenah.
'Ali (radiallaahu 'anh) was one of the Companions that Prophet Muhammad (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) gave the glad tidings of entering Jannah (Paradise), and one of the six members of the consultative committee. He was one of the people who gained the pleasure of the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) during his lifetime, and was the fourth Rightly-Guided Caliph of the Muslimeen.
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إنـما الأعـمـال بالنيات وإنـمـا لكـل امـرئ ما نـوى
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Seifeddine-M
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His Embracing Islam
Sayyiduna 'Ali (رضي الله عنه), was among the first people who embraced Islam. He did so at the age of seven. It is also said that he did so at the age of eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen or sixteen; Abdur Razzaq (رحمه الله) mentioned the last age of sixteen on the authority of Mahmar, Qatadah and al-Hasan (رحمهم الله). It was also said that Hadrat 'Ali (رضي الله عنه) was the first person to embrace Islaam; but the correct view is that he was the first boy to do so. The same applied to Hadrat Khadeejah (رضي الله عنها) who was the first woman to embrace Islaam; Zayd ibn al-Harith (رضي الله عنه) was the first slave to become a Muslim, and Hadrat Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq (rرضي الله عنه) was the first freeman to believe in the message of Islam.
Hadrat 'Ali (رضي الله عنه) embraced Islaam at this tender age because he was under the guardianship of Propher Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم), at a time when there was famine. The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) took him from his father (the Prophet's uncle), and when the Divine Message was revealed to him, his wife Khadeejah (رضي الله عنها) and the rest of his household including his cousin, believed it.
It was narrated that 'Ali (رضي الله عنه) said: "I was the first person to embrace Islaam," but the chain of narrators mentioned for this Hadeeth was not correct. Ibn 'Asaakir (رحمه الله) also reported a lot of ahaadeeth which are rejected and unsound; Allah (سبحانه وتعالى) is the All-Knowing.
Imam Ahmad (رحمه الله) reports on the authority of Shaybah (رحمه الله) and 'Amr ibn Murrah (رحمه الله) that Hamzah (رحمه الله), the slave of the Ansaar, said: "I heard Zayd ibn Arqam (رضي الله عنه) say, 'the first person to embrace Islaam at the hands of the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) was 'Ali (رضي الله عنه)," and in another version of the hadeeth, 'the first person to offer Salaah (prayer) was 'Ali (رضي الله عنه).'" 'Amr (رحمه الله) said: "I mentioned these ahaadeeth to an-Nakha'ee (رحمه الله), who rejected them and said that the first person to embrace Islaam was Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq (رضي الله عنه).
Muhammad ibn Ka'b al-Qurzai (رحمه الله) says: "The first woman to embrace Islaam was Khadeejah (رضي الله عنها), and the first two males to do so were Abu Bakr (رضي الله عنه) and 'Ali (رضي الله عنه). However, Abu Bakr (رضي الله عنه) made his faith manifest, whereas 'Ali (رضي الله عنه) kept it a secret." The latter resorted to secrecy because of fear of his father, who later ordered him to follow his cousin (the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم)) and support him.
Hadrat 'Ali (رضي الله عنه) migrated to Madeenah after the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) had left Makkah, because he ordered 'Ali (رضي الله عنه) to pay his debt, return the things that were left with him for safe-keeping, and join him later. 'Ali (رضي الله عنه) complied, then went to Madeenah, and the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) established a pledge of brotherhood between him ('Ali (رضي الله عنه)) and Sahl (رضي الله عنه). But Ibn Ishaaq (رحمه الله) and other writers on the Prophet's biography state that Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) established brotherhood between him and 'Ali (رضي الله عنه). A lot of ahaadeeth were narrated in this connection, but none of them are considered authentic because of their weak chain of narrators or poorness of style, e.g., "You are my brother, inheritor, viceroy, and the best to give orders after me." This is a fabricated Hadeeth which is not in line with ahaadeeth reported in the authentic Books of Al-Bukhari and Muslim and others; and Allaah (سبحانه وتعالى), the All-Knowing, Knows Best. (Seeratul Khulafaa' ar-Rashideen (رضي الله عنهم))
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إنـما الأعـمـال بالنيات وإنـمـا لكـل امـرئ ما نـوى
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Ameerul Mu'mineen Ali Ibn Abi Talib (RA) al-Murtada
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